Use of a Pedometer to Monitor Physical Activity in Older Adults : A Pilot Study

Objective: To conduct a preliminary test of the reliability of pedometer use to determine physical activity (PA) by older adults living independently. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Sample: Thirty-two older adults (mean age = 71.5 years), living independently, participated. Measurement: Step counts along a 10 m line were determined by observation and pedometer. Each individual then completed a 7-day step count using a pedometer, a 7-day PA log, and a self-reported PA questionnaire. Results: There was no significant difference in steps measured by observational count and pedometer. Average step length was 56 cm, and average walking speed was 0.88 m/s. Pedometer counts were significantly correlated with selfreported walking distance and amount of leisure PA, but not with walking energy expenditure. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 7-day pedometer records ranged from .77 to .90. Pedometer counts were somewhat, but not significantly, higher for individuals who were younger than 70 years old, female, Caucasian, had normal blood pressure, normal body mass index, or no medical problems, than counts for participants in opposing categories. Conclusions: The use of pedometer to monitor PA in older adults appears to be reliable and valid. A future study using a larger sample and evaluating the association of PA with health outcomes is recommended.